元始天尊 发表于 2016-5-2 17:40:21

动态生成dalvik字节码——dexmaker

本帖最后由 元始天尊 于 2016-5-2 17:45 编辑

https://android.googlesource.com/platform/external/dexmaker.git
该开源项目可以通过编程的方式,把java语义直接转换成android上dalvik字节码,
正常的java代码编译生成class,而要转换成dalvik字节码才能给android使用,
这里介绍的黑科技就是比android上直接加载dex更为底层——直接在android上编译出dalvik字节码再加载
例:
我想生成如下java代码的dalvik字节码:


package com.google.dexmaker.examples.Fibonacci;

public class Fibonacci {
   public static int fib(int i) {
   if (i < 2) {
       return i;
   }
   return fib(i - 1) + fib(i - 2);
   }
}

那么我需要写一个对应的逻辑去在android中生成上述逻辑,下面的代码我称为预编译代码
       
        // 对应package com.google.dexmaker.examples.Fibonacci;
      TypeId<?> fibonacci = TypeId.get("Lcom/google/dexmaker/examples/Fibonacci;");

      String fileName = "Fibonacci.generated";
      DexMaker dexMaker = new DexMaker();
        //对应 public class Fibonacci
      dexMaker.declare(fibonacci, fileName, Modifier.PUBLIC, TypeId.OBJECT);

        //对应public static int fib(int i)
      MethodId<?, Integer> fib = fibonacci.getMethod(TypeId.INT, "fib", TypeId.INT);
      Code code = dexMaker.declare(fib, Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.STATIC);

        //声明局部变量
      Local<Integer> i = code.getParameter(0, TypeId.INT);
      Local<Integer> constant1 = code.newLocal(TypeId.INT);
      Local<Integer> constant2 = code.newLocal(TypeId.INT);
      Local<Integer> a = code.newLocal(TypeId.INT);
      Local<Integer> b = code.newLocal(TypeId.INT);
      Local<Integer> c = code.newLocal(TypeId.INT);
      Local<Integer> d = code.newLocal(TypeId.INT);
      Local<Integer> result = code.newLocal(TypeId.INT);

      code.loadConstant(constant1, 1);//=1
      code.loadConstant(constant2, 2);//=2
      Label baseCase = new Label();
      code.compare(Comparison.LT, baseCase, i, constant2);//if (i < 2) {
      code.op(BinaryOp.SUBTRACT, a, i, constant1);//fib(i - 1)
      code.op(BinaryOp.SUBTRACT, b, i, constant2);//fib(i - 2)
      code.invokeStatic(fib, c, a);
      code.invokeStatic(fib, d, b);
      code.op(BinaryOp.ADD, result, c, d);
      code.returnValue(result);//return fib(i - 1) + fib(i - 2);
      code.mark(baseCase);//}
      code.returnValue(i);//return i


全部代码
/*
* Copyright (C) 2012 The Android Open Source Project
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
*      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/

package example;

import com.google.dexmaker.BinaryOp;
import com.google.dexmaker.Code;
import com.google.dexmaker.Comparison;
import com.google.dexmaker.DexMaker;
import com.google.dexmaker.Label;
import com.google.dexmaker.Local;
import com.google.dexmaker.MethodId;
import com.google.dexmaker.TypeId;
import java.io.File;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;

public final class FibonacciMaker {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
      TypeId<?> fibonacci = TypeId.get("Lcom/google/dexmaker/examples/Fibonacci;");

      String fileName = "Fibonacci.generated";
      DexMaker dexMaker = new DexMaker();
      dexMaker.declare(fibonacci, fileName, Modifier.PUBLIC, TypeId.OBJECT);

      MethodId<?, Integer> fib = fibonacci.getMethod(TypeId.INT, "fib", TypeId.INT);
      Code code = dexMaker.declare(fib, Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.STATIC);

      Local<Integer> i = code.getParameter(0, TypeId.INT);
      Local<Integer> constant1 = code.newLocal(TypeId.INT);
      Local<Integer> constant2 = code.newLocal(TypeId.INT);
      Local<Integer> a = code.newLocal(TypeId.INT);
      Local<Integer> b = code.newLocal(TypeId.INT);
      Local<Integer> c = code.newLocal(TypeId.INT);
      Local<Integer> d = code.newLocal(TypeId.INT);
      Local<Integer> result = code.newLocal(TypeId.INT);

      code.loadConstant(constant1, 1);
      code.loadConstant(constant2, 2);
      Label baseCase = new Label();
      code.compare(Comparison.LT, baseCase, i, constant2);
      code.op(BinaryOp.SUBTRACT, a, i, constant1);
      code.op(BinaryOp.SUBTRACT, b, i, constant2);
      code.invokeStatic(fib, c, a);
      code.invokeStatic(fib, d, b);
      code.op(BinaryOp.ADD, result, c, d);
      code.returnValue(result);
      code.mark(baseCase);
      code.returnValue(i);

      ClassLoader loader = dexMaker.generateAndLoad(
                FibonacciMaker.class.getClassLoader(), getDataDirectory());

      Class<?> fibonacciClass = loader.loadClass("com.google.dexmaker.examples.Fibonacci");
      Method fibMethod = fibonacciClass.getMethod("fib", int.class);
      System.out.println(fibMethod.invoke(null, 8));
    }

    public static File getDataDirectory() {
      String envVariable = "ANDROID_DATA";
      String defaultLoc = "/data";
      String path = System.getenv(envVariable);
      return path == null ? new File(defaultLoc) : new File(path);
    }
}


应该可以建立一个翻译工具,将java代码翻译为上面的预编译代码,从而实现动态下载java代码,在android上运行
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