事实上,对于位域的前后顺序问题,C99的定义如下(C99 standard 6.7.2.1/10 - "Structure and union specifiers"):
An implementation may allocate any addressable storage unit large enough to hold a bitfield. If enough space remains, a bit-field that immediately follows another bit-field in a structure shall be packed into adjacent bits of the same unit. If insufficient space remains, whether a bit-field that does not fit is put into the next unit or overlaps adjacent units is implementation-defined. The order of allocation of bit-fields within a unit (high-order to low-order or low-order to high-order) is implementation-defined. The alignment of the addressable storage unit is unspecified.
Bit-fields are always assigned to the first available bit, possibly constrained by other factors, such as alignment. That means that they start at the low order bit for little-endian, and the high order bit for big-endian. This is the "right" way to do things. It is very unusual for a compiler to do this differently.